Encyclopedia Editors

General Editor: John Algeo

Associate Editor: Vicente Hao Chin Jr.

Associate Editor: Richard W. Brooks

Consulting Editor: Robert Ellwood

Assistant Editor: Rosel Z. Doval Santos

Staff:

Isabelita Balino

Lea Mactal

Editors of the print edition of the Theosophical Encyclopedia

General Editor: Philip Sydney Harris

Associate Editor: Vicente R. Hao Chin Jr.

Associate Editor: Richard W. Brooks

Consulting Editors:

Jeanine Miller

John Cooper

Assistant Editor: Rosel Z. Doval-Santos

Digital typesetting:

Isabelita J. Balino

Ena May Harris

Noema V. Relox

Proofreading: Samuel del Rosario

The Theosophical Encyclopedia is a publication of the Theosophical Publishing House, 1 Iba Street, Quezon City, Philippines. 

Copyright © 2006 Theosophical Publishing House, Quezon City, Philippines

CONTRIBUTORS

A

A.E.D. Alan E. Donant

A.G. Antonio Girardi, General Secretary, Theosophical Society in Italy

A.J. Anton Jesse

A.M. Andrini Martono

A.S. Allan Senior

B

B.N.S. Braj Nandan Swarup

B.R.V. Bhupendra R. Vora, past General Secretary, East and Central African Section

C

C.E.M.J. Charles Edward Mostyn James

C.M.E. Dr. Caren M. Elin, co-author, Reincarnation: A New Horizon in Science, Religion, and Society

C.R.L. Carlos Ramirez Lohaus

C.V.A. Dr. Chittaranjan Vihari Agarwal

C.W. Prof. Catherine Lowman Wessenger

D

D.C. Daniel Caracostea

D.D.C. Diana Dunningham Chapotin, International Secretary, Theosophical Order of Service

D.E. Dara Eklund

D.H. Dianne Haines

D.K. Dora Kunz, former President, Theosophical Society in America

D.L.P. Darrin L. Potaka

D.M. Derry McGrath

D.R.C. Daniel R. Chandler

D.T. Dallas TenBroeck

E

E.A. Einar Adalsteinsson

E.A.H. Prof. Elton A. Hall

E.B. Edoardo Bratina

E.B.T. Eldon B. Tucker

E.J. Elizabeth Jenny

E.L. Dr. Edward Luness

E.M. Elaine Murdoch

E.Ms. Eva Maas

E.S. Emmett Small

F

F.D. Franz Durkowitsch

 

G

G.F.E. Dr. Gracia Fay Ellwood

G.F.K. Grace Frances Knoche

G.H. Graham Hassell

G.M. Gool K. Minwalla, former Presidential Representative, Theosophical Society in Pakistan

G.J.R.S. G.J.R. Samarasingha

G.T.M. Gaspar Torres Martínez

H

H.F. Dr. Hikotaro Furuta

H.H. Dr. Henrietta van der Hecht

H.M. Dr. Hugh Murdoch

H.S. Hugh Shearman

 

I

I-B.W. Ing-Brit Wicklund

I.H. Ian Hooker, former Presiding Bishop, Liberal Catholic Church

I.K. Isobel Kerley

J

J.A. Prof. John Algeo, former International Vice President, Theosophical Society

J.A.S. Dr. James Santucci

J.C. John Clarke

J-F.M. Jean-Francois Mayer

J.G. Prof. Joscelyn Godwin

J.G.P. James Gibson Patterson

J.G.Pr. Julio Gerardo Pomar

J.G.W. Prof. Jay G. Williams

J.H-E Jerry Hejka-Ekins

J.K. John Kern

J.Kd. Jan Kind

J.L.A. Jon L. Arnalds

J.Mr. Janine Miller

J.Ms. Joy Mills, past International Vice President of the Theosophical Society; past National President of the Theosophical Society in America.

J.P.V.M. John P. Van Mater

J.S.H. Jantine Spierenburg-Hos, widow of H. J. Spierenburg

K

K.E. Kirsti Elo

K.H. Katinka Hesselink 

K.J. Kim Johnston

K.K. Katrina Kumila

K.M. Dr. Klara Minya

K.V.M. Kirby Van Mater

L

La. Lakshmi

L.A.J. L.A. Jimenez

L.C. Lucille Crocker (Translator)

L.F.P. L. F. Pagola

L.O. Linda Oliveira

L.R. Laszlo Reicher (Translator)

L.S. Lilian Storey

 

M

M.A. Mary Anderson

M.Ar. Marja Artamaa

M.A.O. Maria de los Angeles Orlich

M.D. Muriel Daw

M.F. Mercedes Fernandez

M.F.B. Mercedes F. Buscarons

M.J. Mirva Jaatinen (Translator)

M.J.N. Dr. Mary Jane Newcomb

M.L. Mary Lutyens, author, Krishnamurti: The Years of Awakening and other books.

M.La. Margaret Lauppert

M.R. Mari Rhydwen

M.S. Miguel Saviñon, President, Atma Lodge, Dominican Republic.

M.T. Michael Tiffin

N

N.A. Dr. Naid Angha

N.S. Nora Spairani

N.Sa. Nelda Samarel

O

O.G. Olga Gostin

O.S. Ove Skød

 

P

P.B.K. Paul Braku Kwakyi, General Secretary, West African Section of the Theosophical Society.

P.G. Parvati Gopalratnam

P.K.S. Peter Kenneth Sharp

P.N. Padma Narayanan

P.M.N. Pilar Madrigal Nieto

P.R.M.O. Pedro Rogerio Moreno Oliveira, former International Secretary, Theosophical Society

P.S.H. Philip Sydney Harris. General Editor, Theosophical Encyclopedia

R

R.D.S. Dr. Roselmo Z. Doval-Santos, President, Theosophical Society in the Philippines

R.H.H. Dr. Ralph H. Hannon

R.K.V.M. Robert Kirby Van Mater

R.R.C. Robert R. Caporn

R.S.B. Ram Shankar Bhattacharya

R.S.E. Prof. Robert S. Ellwood, Consulting Editor, "Theosophical Encyclopedia"

R.W.B. Prof. Richard Williams Brooks, Associate Editor, Theosophical Encyclopedia.

S

S.B.D. Sarah Belle Dougherty

S.G.G. Swarna Gowri Govindaraj, former Manager, Adyar Bookshop

S.K. Serge King

S.N. Surendra Narayan, former International Vice President, Theosophical Society

S.Na. Steve Nation

S.P. Dr. Stephen Phillips

T

T.A.T. Torstein Andreas Tobiassen

T.D. Ted Davy

T.G. Tamara Gerard

T.G.D. Thomas George Davis, past President, Southern African Section of the Theosophical Society; past Chairman, Pan African Theosophical Federation.

T.M. Thomas Martinovich

T.T.K.D. Trân-Thi-Kim-Diêu, Chairperson, European Federation of the Theosophical Society

U

U.R.R. Ulisses Riedel de Resende, former General Secretary, Theosophical Society in Brazil

V

V.H.C. Vicente Hao Chin, Jr., Past President, Theosophical Society in the Philippines; past President, Indo-Pacific Federation of the Theosophical Society.

V.V.C. Prof. V. V. Chalem

V.N.T.V. Van Tinh Vo-Nguyen, former member, Theosophical Society in Vietnam, now residing in Australia.

W

W.K. William Keiden

W.P. Willamay Pym

W.T.S.T William T.S. Thackara

W.W. Winifred Woods